Method and apparatus for transmitting pilot in wireless communication system

ABSTRACT

A method and apparatus for transmitting a pilot in a wireless communication system is provided. A pilot generating unit generates the pilot. A transmission circuitry transmits the pilot and a radio signal. A a processor assigns a first index and a second index to each of a plurality of pilot patterns, determines a selection pilot pattern having a first selection index and a second selection index calculated based on a cell ID, which are respectively identical with the first index and the second index, from among the plurality of pilot patterns, and maps the generated pilot to a resource element based on the selection pilot pattern.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of priority of U.S. Provisionalapplication 61/237,697 filed on Aug. 28, 2009, U.S. Provisionalapplication 61/242,389 filed on Sep. 15, 2009, and Korean PatentApplication No. 10-2010-0027260 filed on Mar. 26, 2010, all of which areincorporated by reference in their entirety herein.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to wireless communication, and moreparticularly, to a method and apparatus for transmitting pilot in awireless communication system.

2. Related Art

The institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) 802.16estandard was adopted in 2007 as a sixth standard for internationalmobile telecommunication (IMT)-2000 in the name of ‘WMAN-OFDMA TDD’ bythe ITU-radio communication sector (ITU-R) which is one of sectors ofthe international telecommunication union (ITU). An IMT-advanced systemhas been prepared by the ITU-R as a next generation (i.e., 4^(th)generation) mobile communication standard following the IMT-2000. It wasdetermined by the IEEE 802.16 working group (WG) to conduct the 802.16mproject for the purpose of creating an amendment standard of theexisting IEEE 802.16e as a standard for the IMT-advanced system. As canbe seen in the purpose above, the 802.16m standard has two aspects, thatis, continuity from the past (i.e., the amendment of the existing802.16e standard) and continuity to the future (i.e., the standard forthe next generation IMT-advanced system). Therefore, the 802.16mstandard needs to satisfy all requirements for the IMT-advanced systemwhile maintaining compatibility with a mobile WiMAX system conforming tothe 802.16e standard.

Effective transmission/reception methods and utilizations have beenproposed for a broadband wireless communication system to maximizeefficiency of radio resources. An orthogonal frequency divisionmultiplexing (OFDM) system capable of reducing inter-symbol interference(ISI) with a low complexity is taken into consideration as one of nextgeneration wireless communication systems. In the OFDM, a serially inputdata symbol is converted into N parallel data symbols, and is thentransmitted by being carried on each of separated N subcarriers. Thesubcarriers maintain orthogonality in a frequency dimension. Eachorthogonal channel experiences mutually independent frequency selectivefading, and an interval of a transmitted symbol is increased, therebyminimizing inter-symbol interference.

When a system uses the OFDM as a modulation scheme, orthogonal frequencydivision multiple access (OFDMA) is a multiple access scheme in whichmultiple access is achieved by independently providing some of availablesubcarriers to a plurality of users. In the OFDMA, frequency resources(i.e., subcarriers) are provided to the respective users, and therespective frequency resources do not overlap with one another ingeneral since they are independently provided to the plurality of users.Consequently, the frequency resources are allocated to the respectiveusers in a mutually exclusive manner. In an OFDMA system, frequencydiversity for multiple users can be obtained by using frequencyselective scheduling, and subcarriers can be allocated variouslyaccording to a permutation rule for the subcarriers. In addition, aspatial multiplexing scheme using multiple antennas can be used toincrease efficiency of a spatial domain.

Meanwhile, the pilot may be transmitted from the base station to theuser equipment through the downlink. The pilot may also be calledanother terminology, such as a reference signal, depending on a wirelesscommunication system. The pilot may be used to perform channelestimation or measure a channel quality indicator (CQI). The CQI mayinclude a signal-to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), frequencyoffset estimation, and so on. To optimize the performance of a system indifferent transmission environments, an 802.16m system provides a commonpilot structure and a dedicated pilot structure. The common pilotstructure and the dedicated pilot structure may be sorted depending onused resources. The common pilot may be used by all user equipments. Thededicated pilot may be used by a user equipment to which a specificresource has been assigned. Accordingly, the dedicated pilot may beprecoded or beamformed using the same method as that for a datasubcarrier. A pilot structure may be defined up to 8 transmissionstreams and may have a unified pilot structure in the common pilot andthe dedicated pilot.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a methodand apparatus for transmitting a pilot in a wireless communicationsystem.

In an aspect, an apparatus for transmitting a pilot in a wirelesscommunication system is provided. The apparatus include a pilotgenerating unit configured to generate the pilot, a transmissioncircuitry configured to transmit the pilot and a radio signal, and aprocessor coupled to the pilot generating unit and configured to assigna first index and a second index to each of a plurality of pilotpatterns, determine a selection pilot pattern having a first selectionindex and a second selection index calculated based on a cell ID, whichare respectively identical with the first index and the second index,from among the plurality of pilot patterns, and map the generated pilotto a resource element based on the selection pilot pattern. Theplurality of pilot patterns may include 6 pilot patterns. The firstselection index may be calculated according to Equationp_(k)=floor(k,c/i). The total number of cell IDs c may be 768 and thenumber of integers i may be 3. The second selection index may becalculated according to Equation s_(n)=mod(n,j). The number of integersj may be 2. Pilot patterns having an identical first index and differentsecond indices may be cyclically shifted to a frequency domain. Pilotpatterns having an identical second index and different first indicesmay be cyclically shifted to a time domain.

In another aspect, an apparatus for receiving a pilot in a wirelesscommunication system is provided. The apparatus include a receivecircuitry configured to receive the pilot and a radio signal, a channelestimation unit configured to estimate a channel using the pilot, and aprocessor configured to process the radio signal using the estimatedchannel, wherein the pilot is mapped to a resource element based on aselection pilot pattern determined by a transmitter and transmitted, andthe selection pilot pattern includes a pilot pattern having a firstselection index and a second selection index calculated based on a cellID, which are respectively identical with the first index and the secondindex assigned to each of the plurality of pilot patterns, from amongthe plurality of pilot patterns. The first selection index may becalculated according to Equation p_(k)=floor(k,256). The secondselection index is calculated according to Equation s_(n)=mod(n,2).

In another aspect, a method of transmitting a pilot in a wirelesscommunication system is provided. The method includes generating thepilot, assigning a first index and a second index to each of a pluralityof pilot patterns, determining a selection pilot pattern having a firstselection index and a second selection index calculated based on a cellID, which are respectively identical with the first index and the secondindex, from among the plurality of pilot patterns, and mapping thegenerated pilot to a resource element based on the selection pilotpattern and transmitting the mapped pilot. The first selection index maybe calculated according to Equation p_(k)=floor(k,256). The secondselection index is calculated according to Equation s_(n)=mod(n,2).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a wireless communication system.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a transmitter and a receiver in whichembodiments of the present invention are implemented.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a frame structure.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a method of splitting a full frequency bandinto a plurality of FPs.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a cellular system using an FFR scheme.

FIG. 6 shows an example of a downlink resource structure.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a pilot pattern within one PRU.

FIGS. 8 to 10 show another example of a pilot pattern within one PRU.

FIG. 11 illustrates an embodiment of a proposed method of transmittingpilots.

FIGS. 12 to 14 show examples of interlaced pilot patterns according tothe proposed method of transmitting pilots when the number of datastreams is 1.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

A technology below can be used in a variety of wireless communicationsystems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), FrequencyDivision Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA),Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and SingleCarrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA). CDMA can beimplemented using radio technology, such as Universal Terrestrial RadioAccess (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented using radiotechnology, such as Global System for Mobile communications(GSM)/General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)/Enhanced Data Rates for GSMEvolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented using radio technology, suchas IEEE 802.11(Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16(WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, or Evolved UTRA(E-UTRA). IEEE 802.16m is the evolution of IEEE 802.16e, and it providesa backward compatibility with an IEEE 802.16e-based system. UTRA is partof a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). 3rd GenerationPartnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LET) is part of EvolvedUMTS (E-UMTS) using Evolved-UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA), andit adopts OFDMA in downlink (DL) and SC-FDMA in uplink (UL). LTE-A(Advanced) is the evolution of 3GPP LTE.

IEEE 802.16m is chiefly described as an example in order to clarify thedescription, but the technical spirit of the present invention is notlimited to IEEE 802.16e.

FIG. 1 shows a wireless communication system.

Referring to FIG. 1, the wireless communication system 10 includes oneor more Base Stations (BSs) 11. The BSs 11 provide communicationservices to respective geographical areas (in general called ‘cells’) 15a, 15 b, and 15 c. Each of the cells can be divided into a number ofareas (called ‘sectors’). A User Equipment (UE) 12 can be fixed ormobile and may be referred to as another terminology, such as a MobileStation (MS), a Mobile Terminal (MT), a User Terminal (UT), a SubscriberStation (SS), a wireless device, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), awireless modem, or a handheld device. In general, the BS 11 refers to afixed station that communicates with the UEs 12, and it may be referredto as another terminology, such as an evolved-NodeB (eNB), a BaseTransceiver System (BTS), or an access point.

The UE belongs to one cell. A cell to which a UE belongs is called aserving cell. A BS providing the serving cell with communicationservices is called a serving BS. A wireless communication system is acellular system, and so it includes other cells neighboring a servingcell. Other cells neighboring the serving cell are called neighborcells. A BS providing the neighbor cells with communication services iscalled as a neighbor BS. The serving cell and the neighbor cells arerelatively determined on the basis of a UE.

This technology can be used in the downlink (DL) or the uplink (UL). Ingeneral, DL refers to communication from the BS 11 to the UE 12, and ULrefers to communication from the UE 12 to the BS 11. In the DL, atransmitter may be part of the BS 11 and a receiver may be part of theUE 12. In the UL, a transmitter may be part of the UE 12 and a receivermay be part of the BS 11.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a transmitter and a receiver in whichembodiments of the present invention are implemented.

The transmitter 200 includes a pilot generating unit 210, a processor220, and a transmission circuitry 230. The pilot generating unit 210 andthe processor 220 implement proposed functions, processes, and/ormethods. Embodiments in which the pilot generating unit 210 and theprocessor 220 implement the proposed functions and methods are describedlater. The pilot generating unit 210 generates a pilot. The processor220 determines one of a plurality of pilot patterns, and maps thegenerated pilot by the pilot generating unit 210 to a resource elementbased on the one pilot pattern. The transmission circuitry 230 isconnected to the processor 220 and configured to transmit or receivepilots and radio signals.

The receiver 300 includes a channel estimation unit 310, a processor320, and a reception circuitry 330. The reception circuitry 330transmits or receives a pilot and a radio signal. The channel estimationunit 310 estimates a channel using the pilot. The processor 320processes a radio signal using the estimated channel. The pilot ismapped to a resource element on the basis of a pilot pattern, determinedby a transmitter, and then transmitted.

The pilot or the radio signal received by the receiver 300 istransferred to the processor 320 through decoding and demodulationprocesses. The receiver 300 is connected to a reception antenna 390. Thereception antenna 390 may include a plurality of antennas. A sequence ofsignals received through the reception antenna is restored to a basebandsignal and then to data which had originally been intended to betransmitted by the transmitter 200 through multiplexing and channeldemodulation processes. The receiver 300 may include a signalrestoration unit for restoring received signals to baseband signals, amultiplexing unit for combining and multiplexing received and processedsignals, and a channel demodulation unit for restoring a signal sequenceto data. The signal restoration unit, the multiplexing unit, and thechannel demodulation unit may be composed of one integrated module forperforming the functions of the units or of respective modules.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a frame structure.

Referring to FIG. 3, a superframe (SF) includes a superframe header(SFH) and four frames F0, F1, F2, and F3. Each frame may have the samelength in the SF. Although it is shown that each SF has a length of 20milliseconds (ms) and each frame has a length of 5 ms, the presentinvention is not limited thereto. A length of the SF, the number offrames included in the SF, the number of SFs included in the frame, orthe like can change variously. The number of SFs included in the framemay change variously according to a channel bandwidth and a cyclicprefix (CP) length.

The SFH can carry an essential system parameter and system configurationinformation. The SFH may be located in a first subframe of the SF. TheSFH can be classified into a primary-SFH (P-SFH) and a secondary-SFH(S-SFH). The P-SFH and the S-SFH may be transmitted in every superframe.

One frame includes 8 subframes SF0, SF1, SF2, SF3, SF4, SF5, SF6, andSF7. Each subframe can be used for uplink or downlink transmission. Onesubframe includes a plurality of orthogonal frequency divisionmultiplexing (OFDM) symbols in a time domain, and includes a pluralityof subcarriers in a frequency domain. An OFDM symbol is for representingone symbol period, and can be referred to as other terminologies such asan OFDM symbol, an SC-FDMA symbol, etc., according to a multiple accessscheme. The subframe can consist of 5, 6, 7, or 9 OFDM symbols. However,this is for exemplary purposes only, and thus the number of OFDM symbolsincluded in the subframe is not limited thereto. The number of OFDMsymbols included in the subframe may change variously according to achannel bandwidth and a CP length. A subframe type may be definedaccording to the number of OFDM symbols included in the subframe. Forexample, it can be defined such that a type-1 subframe includes 6 OFDMsymbols, a type-2 subframe includes 7 OFDM symbols, a type-3 subframeincludes 5 OFDM symbols, and a type-4 subframe includes 9 OFDM symbols.One frame may include subframes each having the same type.Alternatively, one frame may include subframes each having a differenttype. That is, the number of OFDM symbols included in each subframe maybe identical or different in one frame. Alternatively, the number ofOFDM symbols included in at least one subframe of one frame may bedifferent from the number of OFDM symbols of the remaining subframes ofthe frame.

Time division duplexing (TDD) or frequency division duplexing (FDD) maybe applied to the frame. In the TDD, each subframe is used in uplink ordownlink transmission at the same frequency and at a different time.That is, subframes included in a TDD frame are divided into an uplinksubframe and a downlink subframe in the time domain. In the FDD, eachsubframe is used in uplink or downlink transmission at the same time andat a different frequency. That is, subframes included in an FDD frameare divided into an uplink subframe and a downlink subframe in thefrequency domain. Uplink transmission and downlink transmission occupydifferent frequency bands and can be simultaneously performed.

A subframe includes a plurality of physical resource units (PRUs) in thefrequency domain. The PRU is a basic physical unit for resourceallocation, and consists of a plurality of consecutive OFDM symbols inthe time domain and a plurality of consecutive subcarriers in thefrequency domain. The number of OFDM symbols included in the PRU may beequal to the number of OFDM symbols included in one subframe. Therefore,the number of OFDM symbols in the PRU can be determined according to asubframe type. For example, when one subframe consists of 6 OFDMsymbols, the PRU may be defined with 18 subcarriers and 6 OFDM symbols.

A logical resource unit (LRU) is a basic logical unit for distributedresource allocation and contiguous resource allocation. The LRU isdefined with a plurality of OFDM symbols and a plurality of subcarriers,and includes pilots used in the PRU. Therefore, a desired number ofsubcarriers for one LRU depend on the number of allocated pilots.

A distributed logical resource unit (DLRU) may be used to obtain afrequency diversity gain. The DLRU includes a distributed subcarriergroup in one frequency partition. One subcarrier is a basic unit ofconstituting the DRU.

A contiguous logical resource unit (CLRU) may be used to obtain afrequency selective scheduling gain. The CLRU includes a localizedsubcarrier group.

Meanwhile, a fractional frequency reuse (FFR) scheme can be used in acellular system having multiple cells. The FFR scheme splits a fullfrequency band into a plurality of frequency partitions (FPs), andallocates a part of the FP to each cell. According to the FFR scheme,different FPs can be allocated between neighbor cells, and the same FPcan be allocated between cells separated far from one another.Therefore, inter-cell interference (ICI) can be reduced, and performanceof a UE located in a cell edge can be increased.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a method of splitting a full frequency bandinto a plurality of FPs.

Referring to FIG. 4, the full frequency band is split into frequencypartition #0, frequency partition #1, frequency partition #2, andfrequency partition #3. Each FP can be physically or logically splitfrom the full frequency band.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a cellular system using an FFR scheme.

Referring to FIG. 5, each cell is divided into an inner cell and a celledge. Further, each cell is divided into three sectors. A full frequencyband is split into four FPs (i.e., frequency partition #0, frequencypartition #1, frequency partition #2, and frequency partition #3).

The frequency partition #0 is allocated in an inner cell. Any one of thefrequency partition #1 to the frequency partition #3 is allocated ineach sector of a cell edge. In this case, different FPs are allocatedbetween neighbor cells. Hereinafter, an allocated FP is referred to asan active FP, and an unallocated FP is referred to as an inactive FP.For example, when the frequency partition #1 is allocated, the frequencypartition #1 is an active FP, and the frequency partition #2 and thefrequency partition #3 are inactive FPs.

A frequency reuse factor (FRF) can be defined according to the number ofcells (or sectors) into which the full frequency band can be split. Inthis case, the FRF may be 1 in an inner cell, and may be 3 in eachsector of a cell edge.

FIG. 6 shows an example of a downlink resource structure.

Referring to FIG. 6, a downlink subframe can be divided into at leastone FP. Herein, the subframe is divided into two FPs (i.e., FP1 and FP2)for example. However, the number of FPs in the subframe is not limitedthereto. The number of FPs can be 4 at most. Each FP can be used forother purposes such as FFR.

Each FP consists of at least one PRU. Each FP may include distributedresource allocation and/or contiguous resource allocation. Herein, thesecond FP (i.e., FP2) includes the distributed resource allocation andthe contiguous resource allocation. ‘Sc’ denotes a subcarrier.

A base station may transmit a pilot to a user equipment through thedownlink. The pilot may be used to perform channel estimation or measurea CQI. The CQI may include an SINR, frequency offset estimation, and soon. The pilot may be mapped to a specific resource element on theresource region and then transmitted. A pilot structure in the resourceregion may be defined to a maximum of 8 antennas. The transmissionstreams may have the same pilot density, but all OFDM symbols within adownlink subframe do not need to have the same pilot density. Further,PRUs assigned to one user equipment within one subframe may include thesame number of pilots.

The pilot pattern may be defined within one PRU.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a pilot pattern within one PRU.

FIG. 7 illustrates a pilot pattern when data are transmitted through onetransmission stream in downlink transmission. This may correspond to abasic pilot pattern. One PRU may include 6 OFDM symbols and 18subcarriers. The index of the OFDM symbol may be increased from the leftside to the right side within one PRU and the index of the subcarriermay be increased from the top to the bottom. (a) of FIG. 7 shows a pilotpattern for a first transmission stream, and (b) of FIG. 7 shows a pilotpattern for a second transmission stream. All the OFDM symbols mayinclude at least one pilot within a PRU.

FIG. 8 shows another example of a pilot pattern within one PRU.

FIG. 8 shows an example of a pilot pattern when data are transmittedthrough two transmission streams in downlink transmission. (a) of FIG. 8shows a pattern of a pilot for a first transmission stream (hereinafterreferred to as a ‘first pilot’). In (a) of FIG. 8, ‘1’ indicates aresource element to which the first pilot is mapped. (b) of FIG. 8 showsa pattern of a pilot for a second transmission stream (hereinafterreferred to as a ‘second pilot’). In (b) of FIG. 8, ‘2’ indicates aresource element to which the second pilot is mapped.

In the first transmission stream, any data or pilot may not be mapped toa resource element to which the second pilot is mapped. Likewise, in thesecond transmission stream, any data or pilot may not be mapped to aresource element to which the first pilot is mapped. In the case inwhich a subframe includes 5 OFDM symbols, the last OFDM symbol may beomitted in the pilot pattern of FIG. 8. In the case in which a subframeincludes 7 OFDM symbols, in the pilot pattern of FIG. 8, a pilottransmitted in the seventh OFDM symbol may have the same pattern as apilot transmitted in the first OFDM symbol.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show yet another example of a pilot pattern within onePRU.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show an example of an interlaced pilot pattern for twotransmission streams. The interlaced pilot pattern of FIGS. 9 and 10 maybe obtained by applying cyclic shift to the basic pilot pattern of FIG.7. The interlaced pilot pattern may be used by different base stationsfor one or two transmission streams. FIG. 9 shows an example of a pilotpattern for a first transmission stream. (a) to (c) of FIG. 9 illustrateinterlaced patterns. (a) of FIG. 9 shows a pilot pattern set 0, (b) ofFIG. 9 shows a pilot pattern set 1, and (c) of FIG. 9 shows a pilotpattern set 2.

FIG. 10 shows an example of a pilot pattern for a second transmissionstream. (a) to (c) of FIG. 10 illustrate interlaced patterns. (a) ofFIG. 10 shows a pilot pattern set 0, (b) of FIG. 10 shows a pilotpattern set 1, and (c) of FIG. 10 shows a pilot pattern set 2. Each basestation may select the index of one pilot pattern set from among theinterlaced pilot pattern sets of FIGS. 9 and 10 and transmits firstpilots and second pilots. For example, the pilot pattern sets 0 may beselected from (a) of FIG. 9 and (a) of FIG. 10, and the first pilots andthe second pilots may be transmitted. In the case in which the number ofdata streams is 2, (a) of FIG. 9 and (a) of FIG. 10 form a pilot patternset, (b) of FIG. 9 and (b) of FIG. 10 form a pilot pattern set, and (c)of FIG. 9 and (c) of FIG. 10 form a pilot pattern set.

The index of a pilot pattern set selected by each base station may bedetermined using the following Equation 1.p _(k)=floor(k,c/i)  [Equation 1]

In Equation 1, p_(k) is the index of a pilot pattern set selected byeach base station, k is a cell ID, c is the total number of cell IDs,and i is the number of pilot pattern sets. For example, assuming thatthe total number of cell IDs is 768 and the number of pilot pattern setsis 3, Equation 1 may be expressed into p_(k)=floor(k, 256). floor(k,256) is a maximum integer which is smaller than the quotient obtained bydividing k by 256. p_(k) may be one of 0 to 2.

The index of a pilot pattern set selected by each base station may bedetermined using the following Equation 2.p _(k)=mod(k,i)  [Equation 2]

In Equation 2, p_(k) is the index of an interlaced pilot pattern setselected by each base station, k is a cell ID, and i is the number ofpilot pattern sets. For example, assuming that the number of pilotpattern sets is 3, Equation 2 may be expressed into p_(k)=mod(k,3).mod(k,3) is the remainder obtained by dividing k by 3. Accordingly,p_(k) may be one of 0 to 2.

Although the interlaced pilot patterns for two transmission streams havebeen described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10, the interlaced pilotpatterns may be used for one transmission stream.

FIG. 11 illustrates an embodiment of a proposed method of transmittingpilots.

At step S100, a base station generates a pilot for one transmissionstream.

At step S110, the base station determines one selection pilot patternfrom among a plurality of pilot patterns. In determining one selectionpilot pattern, the base station may assign a first index and a secondindex to each of the plurality of pilot patterns and determine aselection pilot pattern having a first selection index and a secondselection index calculated on the basis of a cell ID, which arerespectively identical with the first index and the second index, fromamong the plurality of pilot patterns.

FIGS. 12 to 14 show examples of interlaced pilot patterns according tothe proposed method of transmitting pilots when the number of datastreams is 1.

Referring to FIGS. 12 to 14, (a) of FIG. 12 and (b) of FIG. 12 form apilot pattern set, (a) of FIG. 13 and (b) of FIG. 13 form a pilotpattern set, and (a) of FIG. 14 and (b) of FIG. 14 form a pilot patternset. When the number of data streams is 1, a pilot pattern may be one of6 pilot patterns shown in (a) of FIG. 12, (b) of FIG. 12, (a) of FIG.13, (b) of FIG. 13, (a) of FIG. 14, and (b) of FIG. 14.

In selecting one of the 6 pilot patterns, each base station may select apilot pattern using the index of a pilot pattern set and the index of astream set.

The base station first determines the index of a pilot pattern set. Theindex of a pilot pattern set selected by each base station may bedetermined by the following Equation 3.p _(k)=floor(k,c/i)  [Equation 3]

In Equation 3, p_(k) is the index of a pilot pattern set selected byeach base station, k may be a cell ID, c is the total number of cellIDs, and i is the number of pilot pattern sets or the total number ofsegments. A segment refers to each group when a plurality of cells isclassified into several groups. For example, assuming that the totalnumber of cell IDs is 768 and the number of interlaced pilot patternsets is 3, Equation 1 may be expressed into p_(k)=floor(k, 256).floor(k, 256) is a maximum integer which is smaller than the quotientobtained by dividing k by 256. p_(k) may be one of 0 to 2. The indicesof the pilot pattern sets of (a) of FIG. 12 and (b) of FIG. 12, (a) ofFIG. 13 and (b) of FIG. 13, and (a) of FIG. 14 and (b) of FIG. 14 may be0, 1, and 2, respectively.

Next, the base station determines the index of a stream set. The indexof a stream set selected by each base station may be determined by thefollowing Equation 4.s _(n)=mod(n,j)  [Equation 4]

s_(n) is the index of a stream set selected by each base station, and jis the number of available streams. The number of available streams isdetermined by the total number of streams and the number of streams inwhich downlink transmission is being performed. For example, assumingthat the total number of streams is 2 and downlink transmission is beingperformed through one stream, the number of available streams is 2.mod(n,2) is the remainder obtained by dividing n by 2. n may be a cellID. Here, s_(n) may have a value of 0 or 1. Two stream sets may exist ineach interlaced pilot pattern set. For example, the pilot pattern shownin (a) of FIG. 12 may be the No. 0 stream set of a No. 0 pilot patternset, and the pilot pattern shown in (b) of FIG. 12 may be the No. 1stream set of a No. 0 pilot pattern set. Likewise, the pilot patternshown in (a) of FIG. 13 may be the No. 0 stream set of a No. 1 pilotpattern set, and the pilot pattern shown in (b) of FIG. 13 may be theNo. 1 stream set of a No. 1 pilot pattern set. The pilot pattern shownin (a) of FIG. 14 may be the No. 0 stream set of a No. 2 pilot patternset, and the pilot pattern shown in (b) of FIG. 14 may be the No. 1stream set of a No. 2 pilot pattern set. Alternatively, in Equation 4, nmay be the ID of a user equipment which transmits a pilot.

As described above, a base station selects a pilot pattern using a cellID in accordance with Equation 3 and Equation 4. Accordingly, when afrequency reuse factor is 3 (i.e., when the number of pilot pattern setsis 3), a pilot pattern when the existing two streams are transmitted isused without change, and a probability that pilots transmitted bydifferent base stations collide with each other when one stream istransmitted may be further reduced. In other words, when the frequencyreuse factor is 3, each of base stations selects one of the pilotpattern sets 0 to 2 shown in FIGS. 12 to 14 based on a cell ID and thenselects a stream set within the selected pilot pattern set. Accordingly,a collision between pilots may be prevented to the greatest extent.Further, the interlaced pilot patterns of FIGS. 12 to 14 may be expandedto a case in which the frequency reuse factor is 6. In the examples ofthe interlaced pilot patterns shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, in the case inwhich a subframe includes 7 OFDM symbols, a pilot transmitted in theseventh OFDM symbol in the pilot patterns of FIGS. 12 to 14 may have thesame pattern as a pilot transmitted in the first OFDM symbol.

Alternatively, the index of an interlaced pilot pattern set selected byeach base station may be determined by the following Equation 5.p _(k)=mod(k,6)  [Equation 5]

In Equation 5, p_(k) is the index of a pilot pattern set selected byeach base station, and k may be a cell ID. mod(k,6) is the remainderobtained by dividing k by 6. p_(k) may be one of 0 to 5. The indices ofthe interlaced pilot pattern sets show in (a) of FIG. 12, (b) of FIG.12, (a) of FIG. 13, (b) of FIG. 13, (a) of FIG. 14, and (b) of FIG. 14may be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively.

Referring back to FIG. 11, at step S120, the base station maps thegenerated pilot to a resource element on the basis of the selectionpilot pattern and transmits the mapped pilot to a user equipment.

The embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 11 is describedbelow in connection with the transmitter and the receiver in which theembodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 is implemented.

The pilot generating unit 210 of the transmitter 200 generates a pilot.

The processor 220 determines one of a plurality of pilot patterns andmaps a generated pilot to a resource element on the basis of the onepilot pattern. In determining the one selection pilot pattern, theprocessor 220 determines a selection pilot pattern, from among theplurality of pilot patterns, on the basis of a first selection index ora second selection index or both calculated based on a cell ID. In thecase in which the number of data streams is 1, the transmitter 200 mayselect one of the 6 pilot patterns shown in FIGS. 12 to 14 and transmitdata through the selected pilot pattern. The different pilot patternshave been cyclically shifted in the frequency domain or the time domain.For example, in (a) and (b) of FIG. 12, (a) and (b) of FIG. 13, and (a)and (b) of FIG. 14, the pilots are shifted in different frequencydomains and mapped to the resource regions. Further, in (a) of FIG. 12,(a) of FIG. 13, (a) of FIG. 14, (b) of FIG. 12, (b) of FIG. 13, and (b)of FIG. 14, the pilots are shifted in different time domains and thenmapped to the resource regions. The pilot patterns of FIGS. 12 to 14could have been previously stored in the memory of the transmitter 200or the receiver 300. The receiver 300 may know the pilot patterns ofFIGS. 12 to 14 based on information about the pilot patterns, receivedfrom the transmitter 200 through signaling.

The processor 220 of the transmitter 200 selects a pilot pattern bycalculating a first selection index value and a second selection indexvalue. The first selection index may be determined by the equationp_(k)=floor(k,c/i). Here, p_(k) is the first selection index, k is acell ID, c is the total number of cell IDs, and i is the number of pilotpattern sets or the total number of segments. floor(k,c/i) is a maximuminteger which is smaller than the quotient obtained by dividing k byc/i. For example, assuming that the total number of cell IDs is c=768and the number of pilot pattern set is i=3, a cell having one of cellIDs 0 to 255 may select one of FIG. 12 pilot patterns as its pilotpattern. A cell having one of cell IDs 256 to 511 may select one of FIG.13 pilot patterns as its pilot pattern. A cell having one of cell IDs512 to 767 may select one of FIG. 14 pilot patterns as its pilotpattern. Further, the second selection index may be determined by theequation s_(n)=mod(n,j). Here, s_(n) is the second selection index, n isa cell ID, and j is the number of interlaced pilot pattern sets.mod(n,2) is the remainder obtained by dividing n by 2.

The transmission circuitry 230 is connected to the processor 220 andconfigured to transmit or receive a pilot and a radio signal.

The reception circuitry 330 of the receiver 300 transmits or receives apilot and a radio signal. The channel estimation unit 310 estimates achannel using a pilot. The processor 320 processes the radio signalusing the estimated channel. In order to decode data transmitted by thetransmitter 200, the receiver 300 has to know which one of a pluralityof pilot patterns has been selected. To know the pilot pattern, thereceiver 300 has to detect a cell ID.

To know from which cell have data been sent, a cell ID has to bedetected. The cell ID may be calculated by the following Equation 6.cellID=256×n+q  [Equation 6]n is a preamble carrier set index. n has a value of 0, 1, or 2 andindicates a segment ID. A segment indicates a group when a plurality ofcells is classified into several groups. q is a preamble sequence indexand may have one integer value of 0 to 255. For example, assuming thetotal number of cells is 768 and n has any one value of 0 to 2, the 768cells may be classified into 3 segments. The cell IDs 0 to 255 maybelong to the segment 0, the cell IDs 256 to 511 may belong to thesegment 1, and the cell IDs 512 to 767 may belong to the segment 2. qdefines a different cell within each segment. The cells may bedistinguished from each other through different preamble sequences. Thesegments have 256 different preamble carrier sets, and 256 preamblesequences belonging to each segment corresponds to q.

Tables 1 to 3 indicate the preamble carrier sets of respective segments.Here, a preamble carrier set in which q is 128 to 255 may use thecomplex conjugate of a preamble carrier set in which q is 0 to 127. Eachpreamble is formed on the basis of subblock A to H. The subblocks may becombined or repeated partially or entirely according to a FFT size(e.g., 512 FFT/1024 FFT, 2048 FFT).

Table 1 indicates the preamble carrier set of a segment where n=0.

TABLE 1 q A B C D E F G H 0 314C8648F 18BC23543 06361E654 27C552A2D3A7C69A77 011B29374 277D31A46 14B032757 1 281E84559 1A0CDDF7E 2473A5D5B2C6439AB8 1CA9304C1 0AC3BECD0 34122C7F5 25362F596 2 00538AC77 38F9CBBC604DBCCB40 33CDC6E42 181114BE4 0766079FA 2DD2F5450 13E0508B2 3 3BE4056D12C7953467 0E5F0DE66 03C9B2E7D 1857FD2E3 15A276D4F 210F282AF 27CE61310 43DBAAE31E 254AE8A85 168B63A64 05FDF74FB 3948B6856 33656C528 1799C9BA1004E0B673 5 177CE8FBC 21CEE7F09 397CD6551 01D4A1A10 1730F9049 067D89EA93AC141077 3D7AD6888 6 3B78215A1 17F921D66 385006FDC 011432C9D 24ED16EA60A54922F1 02067E65D 0FEC2128D 7 01FF4E172 2A704C742 3A58705E1 3F3F66CD207CA4C462 1854C8AA3 03F576092 06A989824 8 1A5B7278E 1630D0D82 3001EF61334CCF51A1 2120C250A 06893FA2D 156073692 07178CFA7 9 032E31906 2DD318EAA1DE55B14D 0EF4B6FB3 27DED0610 1BC8440D3 0ED86BF8D 14FAFDE2C 10 174725FFD0D2FB1732 124470F56 292D9912B 1571408A7 227197AE9 2430BC576 0B67304E0 111F1DCD669 293DD1701 0C34F1B84 28496EE51 3DC41327F 071C06523 28E1657B602588EFDA 12 22E4AA041 3810362F1 1955F1DE7 0D6D2F8BE 11F31358E 3EB27BB121F4E60111 119BDA927 13 14300B522 152E6D482 168DF6E43 0740B7AE0 14FE7DCDD0FA092626 23697615A 1F1331EB8 14 12C65ED00 317643CD7 2C637A415 15E3E51850F5CBB9E0 23290B156 26F37EFE8 1AA174793 15 1DD6453F0 032C4BD39 082659BD5320C5E691 224E555B2 3A9615A8D 1BED03424 28E6A9CED 16 068AE7EE9 16F7249103803DD9BD 2A31A2FFB 010BF5237 33CB067E6 0280C28B7 184417B94 17 1D651280A2C7BCF443 17324EFB0 236E5C411 381215183 2F076E64E 0A6F2EE74 3DA4196B7 1827341650F 1B520099C 09AC91114 000A5F48B 30AB4B9B6 2D0DB0DE6 1CF57978A2D424406B 19 3A01E2FB2 0DF5B257B 019D1C63A 0EA7DCDDB 242D96605 2DA675F151DEC54193 3B6341C16 20 2DDFAEB05 21D0A1700 0FA09BB78 17DA7F8BB 06E883B3F02E6B929B 2C1C413B4 030E46DD1 21 1B625E3F9 0F708F756 00CD97B18 3F036B4DF2CF08C3E5 213A5A681 14A298D91 3D2ED63BC 22 2DA48D5A9 0C085BD17 01903428A3DF2A30D9 29061309A 16F7DC40E 2AF88A583 27C1DA5E9 23 30DBAC784 20C3B4C560F1538CB7 0DDE7E1BE 2C312903B 0FF21E6C2 032C15DE3 26C9A6BA4 24 3188E8100385FEFE2D 3967B56C7 3F62D246B 1826A755E 2CDA895EA 2FAB77825 1B525FF88 25339467175 2DE49506B 27B7282A9 0254470A3 3374310AF 2DF20FD64 3848A680611C183E49 26 02AFA38DC 0F2AFDDF4 1A05650E2 061439F88 11C275BE0 30C41DEC9119E070E9 1E76542C1 27 1B364E155 086FF808C 29F1BA9DC 0A830C788 2E70D0B3A34EA776B1 3D13615C0 15FC708D4 28 38ECFC198 07034E9B3 2340F86B3 07562464C22823E455 1F68D29E9 257BB66C6 1083992F1 29 375C4F5AB 3C0F5A212 0EA21BC3013E8A26F2 17C039773 283AD6662 1F63AB833 2DE933CAF 30 2B773E3C5 3849BBE6C1CAD2E5AB 0405FA1DE 1B27B4269 3B3BF258F 300E77286 39599C4B1 31 1E878F0BE0AE5267EC 376F42154 1CD517CC2 302781C47 123FEC7E0 16664D3D8 24B871A55 3220E200C0A 1C94D2FF1 213F8F01B 369A536E0 161588399 29389C7FC 259855CAC06025DCE2 33 28D2E001C 3C51C3727 106F37D0E 1FB0EFDD1 2CD9D33C3 1EA1905270BB5A6F9E 074867D50 34 08EFC44B5 1B484EABE 05FEB2DE2 211AF91B5 0CF52B1E1002B5C978 11D6E5138 0D402BDD2 35 337C618F4 0A4C31DDA 1D93003D6 006D7D088348043A6D 325E05758 2C53EEEB8 15ED8E614 36 38375C2FF 18C78FD02 30C11EF533916581DD 1B75263FF 2D8DFD6A9 00C4E8482 1D201F96A 37 2E10B0D05 2EF2038932491D95F1 34D995B51 32214BDF5 3E45674B1 3E74AC66E 1B813A999 38 153E7269D2391C7BFC 1ADD3A595 0EFD3086E 00AD88A8E 0D8B007CA 0F22C5F9D 010E86385 393B58C7BFF 0BA76496E 3AD0B7BBF 1D6D10FB3 3A607BEFC 28F122A95 057950727179449CB7 40 37AC5194A 390BD9C00 3A48C0461 12FBCE4C6 2A8DD4171 10E9F1E34251F5D167 1124E96B1 41 0FEF20C67 31EC9EA3F 275B31143 22DA4F02B 352C0F64821FF5B9F3 3E5BC2372 0A1AE08FE 42 080EDC49B 17AD7F7BA 390775B3C 1380B00DA2477FF17C 2E6D9E5AF 05381F2DD 26143CC17 43 2DB485795 1B3252799 39AD0211C3AAE31B76 30532A187 1C8EA5F5A 2EA6E4D6B 30570A2E4 44 11BB4F78A 12CCE14282C67EEF99 20E3F841A 20CFCD5F2 1618A7B94 111FF6092 2ED034E06 45 1C66335E50CA9B9BD2 3213028AE 15542DD28 290F7DAE2 2137F02D5 17DF9445D 24F162FFB 46360FB966B 17D878955 1C1D67093 065B84F3A 1A1D955E3 24C73C11E 270EA9EB2114DCA02C 47 002CE84DD 0616DD253 3EB188345 1FF852926 37E160F00 040DF51EC1857A33BA 230FD8A0D 48 233C0A71F 22E428104 0325F8170 39566B188 32DA16A4A039FDF1DC 27A3E946C 0D69F26D9 49 0583F9F73 378380CB6 059D8A960 3E3442C7F026138ADB 25F370F1E 09D3EB2CC 2D37D50C0 50 08DF9CC66 2C2E7AA8F 3CB241ED203216B4D2 39736B451 25F6F113F 08FD2AC3C 1974574FD 51 3D1FF6041 2CE2AB97F01A734F3B 1DCF9F3C5 268D595CA 1FBD2A8B8 0F1449F86 370C352FD 52 123218E403AA057589 20F73A16F 26E3BCA5F 3A7330DC6 12C659384 39D99FF1B 276DFC540 53185AEDEA4 0418B3643 382F7700A 3FC35ED60 07BA2F838 1BC840C93 2469A41EC0CE7B4CB0 54 2E194E2BF 3302A0B28 1836001EE 154A4738A 36A3BBD72 23CCD0EB1044B3A13B 2B50C8057 55 0B76405D3 231AAA728 0EE05E9B6 0093A21F2 2065A01D01F2B810D4 1082F3A73 1DAFEA492 56 07AD23A3A 2091957F1 3B9D8CBF0 21E4160BE1BFB25224 3D9085D16 03076DD39 1DBCF8D03 57 226D70EBF 3ED15246C 364130C4622F6D4AA3 3FCC9A71B 3B9283111 0484F0E58 14574BD47 58 3F49B0987 305231FA60CF4F6788 3B9296AED 2346190C5 3365711F4 078900D4A 352686E95 59 1D62AC9A4104EDD1F5 1B0E77300 1CED8E7F0 388E8002C 1FE6199F4 02239CB15 1FE5D49A2 6021314C269 28600D12A 22E4F1BAA 044E211B1 0DECFE1B4 3E5B208CC 1CFC9129321E7A906B 61 02C029E33 1BA88BE4D 3742AE82F 21EF0810F 17D23F465 240446FB517CCE51D9 2C0B0E252 62 16F9D2976 10185ECE6 2821673FD 02674271C 3A8A75B7C226D4BF0F 2216004E5 0E8605674 63 06E4CB337 32A31755D 062BE7F99 1417A922D2271C07E5 24D6111FA 3F2639C75 0CE2BB3A0 64 18D139446 2426B2EA8 352F184101133C535E 10CC1A28F 1A8B54749 22A54A6F4 2F1920F40 65 22443017D 2265A18F514E1DAE70 11AC6EA79 31A740502 3B14311E7 3AA31686D 26A3A961C 66 2018F4CA93A0129A26 39BDA332E 1941B7B49 03BBCE0D8 20E65BD62 2E4A6EE6C 3B095CCB3 670CC97E07D 11371E5FF 31DFF2F50 17D46E889 352B75BEA 1F1529893 21E6F49501BD034D98 68 275B00B72 125F0FE20 0FB6DE016 0C2E8C780 3026E5719 119910F5F3B647515B 1D49FED6F 69 250616E04 0882F53BF 11518A028 3E9C4149D 09F72A7FB0CC6F4F74 2838C3FD1 08E87689B 70 212957CC2 03DD3475B 044836A0B 2463B52C00342FB4B0 34AD95E9B 2936E2045 3B0592D99 71 2922BD856 22E06C30C 390070AED09D6DC54F 3485FA515 064D60376 07E8288B3 3DD3141BF 72 29CB07995 007EE4B8B16E787603 07C219E93 1031B93DD 23DEFF60B 30F1D7F67 0EFE02882 73 11F3A0A2F38C598A57 3FE72D35B 1F655E0D1 0B3AC0D92 3430DDB1A 3BAADBF42 02D6124C0 7405FC8085D 345A5C470 07DAAE1E9 0D7150B88 25D2A5B10 16F8E5021 3240EFC710F0F5922D 75 399F32F6E 2EEB17A8E 0D61665D0 2138EE96F 3F8119063 01B5048F727075153D 265DF8280 76 3962CC581 2337D2983 286FD7BBA 185126E0E 1F95AD9270F7EBC374 1E3A4B6FF 20CA9B9BD 77 1C85C13AF 290C37167 1FDD26E8F 0C38736B80174DB972 0A921E3CC 097557C9D 09452C1E6 78 2D48D6C00 2D9BC8DFE 10FF1E12825C96BA85 0FB071B8E 0F09B3C9C 1A3E11441 38EDDA03D 79 396B88B2F 0029F4BDB30D098CAD 0D54D12CB 1D0823F55 2DC53B9AA 11BCF7438 33F6EC091 80 21E03CD651A2FE5B92 2851F8445 0251E386C 1468950D8 1A8B39748 001B42236 26CD82DA5 812CEA1E6BB 006C97E74 00C2B887D 23461AF95 0E9CB2BD2 0B0EA3022 1FB56A7A325A7FA625 82 208FC2A1F 381C5733A 03F11D7E3 07ED6A7B7 1FEC85E09 3D61E0440356F4B1C3 3756E5042 83 2061E47F0 22EAA0AD3 24796BB65 03C59B4D8 32A75E10522155381B 23E5F041C 155D2D7F9 84 381AFFB73 212B5E400 1F1FE108E 04BF2C90D3C1A949D9 2854A9B45 001B09322 3A9372CC1 85 058B23433 0904C6684 158CADB9E11BA4B978 1854368F4 1919ECEA7 147F1FD34 2E228AA3C 86 34857F3DB 2CB44F7BF111A065D3 1BEAB392E 27F081ED8 3E67D1186 0F6265AC5 27716FAF9 87 38EBB8BF132ED6E78F 2B0BA4966 2188282AA 00D49B758 1765BA752 2B50AFDCC 068C82450 88234F0B406 02FB239CD 15AD61139 2250A5A05 1CD8117E0 0D849163F 268C7A5A622A802020 89 2D0FE8D16 0C14E3771 07DE5320C 0640C2762 1CBD9FF4E 37A91986D2024DA401 164D4A84C 90 3225B4D60 3013B75F2 2A77AE5C5 2C25377EE 03C8DF835346E80FCB 116B79FA5 356D2B604 91 0D55231FD 247907F31 0CFA0B049 36D069A9510D4CDE71 1A32544D7 38336885F 173ECC08D 92 207420EAC 26FCFE182 3FE7B31C615B320E13 187AA34A8 1B52253BF 1FA16669D 3725A81A5 93 3C9C7404A 092B77FEB3B9865B46 349456F61 39B7C6A66 3075EC990 01BE637DF 330897B17 94 1CA4C048D2B4D50621 2BF917627 3EA2CC5E1 33EC0A1E3 05FE0F747 349553D72 396077301 9504CEC1C82 1F828DD00 30122C790 1AD8A7895 1CE0912C0 298382F37 2D4D33F06001364B36 96 37F8BB035 2F0897994 333F5F096 0F28AB363 20036829F 338017E2D3A5A05D76 0CC02E5E0 97 02FD351E6 03E316288 2FCAEB4F8 1C5A80CE3 3D3AC3FDD3E456746D 119A5381F 1581C894E 98 1623B3D0F 103224DB0 0FB936BC8 2EED7F08226C91513A 2F12E4C31 290F3AEF2 392CBFF67 99 02F75DE8F 2E61A834D 02A6928661F21044A3 2D7881A95 18651EE05 11FE3D308 39EED56DA 100 3A858659E2F7A87BE0 135FD561D 27B3B651A 05E131CB9 0D5865123 2CD6991E5 3EE6DF705101 3F3B247E1 32D02B245 16B98A593 1E4CCFF18 0C4A9D285 06D519FE2023A336CD 1B20E999E 102 3A9E8B49B 239656AD1 3396D1C51 06F4DCF4015D819D3F 2A3061144 20BD2A33E 2FFB139CD 103 38622F3AF 24BF9BB7F1D2729010 15877B93A 00376B0E7 0FF064887 3505CFD9B 354C366B6 1042A0AB7033 1AFA65DE1 1198D0AD6 38E80C86A 27693D541 3BB26F3D4 39154881C0E7DD6B6B 105 1B0DE4333 27FE0F6D1 0F00B2888 0BDA322FF 2759B5A4F0543A2D27 0C36DD1E5 04E9A262D 106 1C7E636BF 000E9C271 2B44F4F3028255BF77 1CC4D69CE 03F4C57B2 3E926D59B 00AA39BDB 107 1FDE98AE00CD076B07 171124FB5 33F098288 1E0B3043E 39731D117 3E7ABC2C8 19CC50279108 28EE855ED 2A704C371 03288F4B0 3C83E26C2 0A905148B 18C66BB941BCC32537 10D71AB44 109 26238A065 0FBD7BCDD 02507CF76 059F694843FE0D6F77 2466A50DB 3C07A75B2 2DC0F099E 110 3CDCD6CBE 1446783DA1626C83F9 2FD4C4DF3 13A59A2D1 2C903D2A3 0FD37F076 0B1039EDD 111043B07DD7 28D9C2155 2CCEF57A8 34254C1B7 09B933B2F 1FA410127 10BD5E9E6010EC6389 112 345E8FCAC 226BD7EFA 27341A51C 23854F031 04C297212044DED8E8 319B3BFB8 37DBBBF57 113 16FBEFA72 1B5EF9484 2DEE7A5BF097695C12 08AEAD5E8 3DA7C1327 2B81F3E2D 31AFBED32 114 3484086B12DFA56B9E 226E8AFE5 285F45484 3E69AC8E1 1CB33645F 2DE53BC30 2F6ED567E115 1117B5E7D 122A4D471 1AC936544 267010D71 10428CA47 24B72A0002E27FE185 1E62C1403 116 0B3161E37 038C3DC98 100793647 1A95D8D36399668787 06C0D4922 25F48AA58 2DFFF1789 117 04FEF7231 381910B63298783078 30CE5EC1C 29F6F299D 3C34CA770 37BAAB139 3D2069B65 11818F644052 2051880EC 23ADBF949 04237280A 18304E663 287364EFF 314698D78149A21E51 119 39E14BBCB 1DBDA9EF4 3ECCAD8D3 1BA3EF99D 26D85CEBF270547292 0FB3C7826 0131E73D6 120 2DD6F3F93 0FC282088 14A143DDD0AB840813 0B973037C 29535C9AB 0DF8DA2AC 271CBC095 121 1C1D063F93F4EF6DCC 00128D932 145E31F97 0B21590D1 38F1602D8 3AC2EBB74 2320957C5122 3383C846F 12128F29B 19985CE7D 2834CBBF2 1E1513B3D 364DB580033EE3F46C 01A865277 123 0129D260B 238A85BA0 2D81AA924 3917048B636F857692 1D2F813C3 0505FB48B 3DC438BC5 124 05E0F8BDC 3D978C1F1266F83FCA 0E89D715A 01821DEA4 12D9AE517 22F8EAC2C 3C098DA58 1251575D1CE9 26F291851 3A7BB6D2C 12CC21A3A 2975589B0 39CF607FF 388ABF1833D3BAAB0B 126 101E5EC7A 0B75BCF3B 13ED25A86 35FC032B6 2F6209FF013C7B2041 1F2791466 3A759A6C2 127 1EF89091A 11A653D2C 223FC1F422F7B97B31 2CA4EE011 00F68767D 10FE34682 018339212

Table 2 indicates the preamble carrier set of a segment where n=1.

TABLE 2 q A B C D E F G H 0 20A601017 10D0A84DE 0A8C74995 07B9C4C4223DB99BF9 12114A3F5 25341EDB0 362D37C00 1 1364F32EC 0C4648173 08C12DA0C19BD8D33A 3F5F0DDA6 24F99C596 026976120 3B40418C7 2 1C6548078 0A0D98F3C0AC496588 38CBF2572 22D7DA300 1CCEAF135 356CA0CCF 093983370 3 03A8E36212D2042AF5 2AB5CC93B 05A0B2E2E 0B603C09E 117AC5C94 2D9DEA5A0 0BDFF0D89 407C4F8A63 3E6F78118 32CCD25F2 1792A7B61 0A8659788 1F9708C04 086AF6E64040B9CD78 5 2D7EE485A 2C3347A25 3B98E86AF 242706DC3 1CEF639AF 2E1B0D6A93E9F78BC1 0FB31275F 6 0307936D0 21CE15F03 392655B2D 17BE2DE53 3718F9AB801A986D24 077BDA4EB 1D670A3A6 7 05A10F7B7 31900ACE0 28DCA8010 2D927ABE5370B33E05 31E57BCBE 030DC5FE1 093FDB77B 8 092C4FED1 268BF6E42 24576811F09F2DAA7F 24EFFC8B1 21C205A90 1E7A58A84 048C453EB 9 29F162A99 1F739A8BF09F684599 1BEC37264 38ED51986 286325300 344FC460A 3907B1161 10 0E46163040FABDCD08 0F6D6BE23 1B0E7FEDD 0047DE6C2 36742C0C6 2D7ABB967 10D5481DF 1132DD51790 237D6ACFA 2F691197A 16724EA58 149143636 3810C6EE1 3A78B3FC61B1259333 12 1BB0FD4D3 235F10A55 1C7302A27 1148B18E5 04F25FBC8 2A0A8830C3646DBE59 2F25F8C30 13 0FB38C45B 069DF29E9 00F93771B 3AA35746D 2CAF48FD00A42CDD55 19A23CE8F 26318A30F 14 365FBEDAC 27710945F 2AA367D61 05A4843182563F27D9 2D37D5C00 287D18FBB 3ADB44805 15 3038BC77D 2A45D29EC 15617379203EC7679E 07577E1A4 1B6A94A74 1D26E5A94 0FD878D5A 16 1F22158E4 3F02A1D372767EC03F 1C8CD535A 23DA2E5AB 2D5F25A59 0971AA889 3E78C1846 17 16521E70912C2DB8FE 3A596C221 1562D5C27 1D9E1F39A 345B96872 301C7894E 2797F032D 182EC951A24 1ED768F3F 11217930A 39DB44855 36E41B3FC 0F6E48C44 36254C51714493C673 19 3EA159E72 24ADE96FE 3458C73A6 30674E1FB 242109AF2 24DAF32B624B1EDFFE 291CB9D15 20 2AD0E6696 04F4077D9 1BB279A53 38957605B 379B7A6A00BAD35616 1285EAE51 37425C7FF 21 083637980 34F2ED66F 282846A88 19D5E40A621205942C 27AC551E9 0F3F4C262 0505FB522 22 3E7D64856 1DB0E599E 159120A4B1FC788139 235C454FB 3CE5B67C8 339EADB32 0F9F7DDC1 23 3956371B8 1D67BE6E51EFCF7D53 041A5C363 2E281EB3F 00AF8A1ED 2DE24A56F 1332C0793 24 0818C47A91F945634B 1C5ED3403 1043B5BF4 149702D22 024CBB687 34B01FA8B 1E9F5992F 253A6618167 3A0007886 3EDB5756B 2F2FA6FCD 21A5252B8 396FFAD9D 05347B60C2E0ECA200 26 0D45F89A1 3F9C2C26E 1CBCF809E 3CBE5FCD0 3D2DCF245 14F351A1E224F5B3FF 2AA6ED34B 27 3BA85ADF8 282005732 3AD7C0223 2E73D1800 23DEA3F462275280F6 1586270F9 0CEF4287B 28 07DFE662E 314B74F2F 397BDDC4C 223A8071F1F5BE3BB4 093BB1F33 0FCA2D129 21B3526A9 29 39FEADC12 0ECE1CD67 206228FAA38FCCA606 0C5EEE08F 1C1BBDD4E 1459E42ED 11FD64ADF 30 2735FFB20 2AE9B244A1A5AED974 38FCFD5CB 20310DB81 1C5FC3E24 19FB3BA17 3785BE865 31 24FF6B7EC01C682673 19CB14113 2C8CD3C2A 066725853 02CD0A23B 279B54315 0CD571063 32015E28584 30B497250 127E9B2E1 2C675E959 05F442DEE 394AEF6E2 079E5C84012703D619 33 3CE4B1266 35270B10F 03549C4B3 3B3E6C375 1DBEF270E 0042C9737049522EC6 24961653E 34 34176CD90 2B5E9EAE1 1C95E3C2B 1EF541D4D 26D1450E63B9D895AB 1B0C84349 104B6B428 35 07A813421 2B39EAADC 33553571C 0F8046CDF2CF6A7F23 0AE3BE8C8 308BFF531 2DBC0F9E3 36 168276972 2CF41744F 3CF2512E00F8B68ABC 2E609F6AF 04E03AC8C 0F9B66F49 3AFE28736 37 03456021F 1982574F30BB2B3F49 15A4A1CDE 15487D58E 2907C9ABB 15C0D2D73 28D8CFEC3 38 3D3FD677C33AF2628F 3D217FDCF 30027E85F 0A463F23B 2F2AE8324 1D1E945E0 2EB355D28 393BCAF9076 3A7D2FF70 3C541F38B 249BD8A94 287BC4833 141391EB7 05B6443D02FEACC5E7 40 275F118FA 3A96B346D 0C713CDE5 02F394A28 3EBB1D18D 1BE7A9FDD223C53CA1 2BF040F77 41 1161DE4F5 0544F9DB7 230847E45 322AF4E17 26944A0B43299F1420 1C9405B8E 2DBABD4CE 42 33165C531 268FE9B9B 081A914B4 39100772B27DBF03E9 3E3A18AB0 13F2D2B83 2CEEE5FF4 43 275F97006 0A578F2EF 16CEE7EC838A5B0084 00DC9A1F5 1B88CFA3D 0D8B0B8EF 29FC4CCF2 44 04BBE4F2C 1546C3988237105A43 339042B36 3A5DEBE2B 1BD09449D 38EFF588B 1CDD3A6C0 45 002E32D381E85D3125 3F51120D7 00420ED63 3384713AF 1D941BD34 2B39EA9CF 05B6D9E94 462B3100F7B 335EDB2E6 1AC8C8EE4 337FF7139 0672D7995 38A54856E 0124753F23A3560851 47 046207CE9 0FE1BC312 09BA5B289 39376EF2B 33F826C2C 2F65314963933B8616 23125B50F 48 3E5849C45 01EEDB390 141D9A024 2DE07E565 1813D12BB36DB8D404 0E8A272AB 3A66B71AD 49 1A2A88A4C 3F0C9B4DB 266CFBDF9 163420CA5281ABBE99 34771C295 3AC051848 3C53CB875 50 16F795184 3466F1FFA 1F433B4561DDF13810 25F58CF69 1DD6CFE4E 10A236FDF 12AE697ED 51 1C8D17F4F 07C43B7D11C8DAD395 28F6C112E 3A336ADB3 0EB6889AB 2783A6A1F 2CDA40458 52 16044624E252AA04B2 11484E85C 07F5024B7 286E3A67F 2EE6BACE4 277F1F864 22F3CF57D 532D1A3F4CF 0EEB6DEC1 30CD76F42 20403D1AC 3A72EF9D6 1DAAF2A39 03AB76CE00A2856267 54 0FA2A786B 38273EDF2 228A45016 0309DF52D 093BDAEDC 1B11E93001DA9C5324 03365EB1E 55 24DCFDC06 11CF909D6 2FF693F4C 366338F1F 22E6415690ACA60D55 32D1B009E 035472E09 56 17F5D6662 062FCF913 35B211035 21ACE73FB3B4148706 2D0CD106F 2CAB457A4 103E1E49B 57 21859E8DA 2F1E3B3D9 1F1014BE2062A3DEB5 354C0C786 05A8982D4 35A758943 346EBA72A 58 00CB49E5F 211B1034A3A5D2DAF1 21D3F3EB0 24B2D1150 1097C3685 2AA3671CE 0E5DC1308 59 24C8401BE217B1F994 1FB9664A8 3D5057708 05A506088 1314842B9 3C8657064 14B1FA77F 602AD698E2E 3C129D1F6 2C744FF4E 1C1C052F8 18C38A9FE 252168A10 2EB68D0983A001CBD2 61 2AF71324C 2BF41D408 0FC498E18 149A1A407 0FDC2C4A3 19D00C4A10F6B0DD29 268CF8E86 62 19F4D82A5 342C73FD5 0F5AEEDE7 21A2A8953 15ADB7A9411DBE038D 0A5B6634A 0FA382B77 63 0A5985778 35AC3032D 35691C85D 2829D55EE04A3FBD8C 2C85BFA8E 0F459B864 3E878F0BC 64 10C785EB0 054D4CE18 1BF657A8E101DC64EF 0B4E3032A 24ECFD9C2 00C98BE0A 2A1F82444 65 300E8B09C 31A079FB30C41DEC5F 216CCFE4D 226C5A693 3C31A41DD 3A019974C 23B64EAFC 66 249BDC80F0316ED79E 1E42B5567 0CFF04A4B 310678543 34D986980 1E3195429 280966E65 67359A72B64 186A3999D 065825DDF 2D28E6000 10964C1E1 1468C970E 34C8B606A33CC94DB1 68 370B29C05 12841A9E8 2147E7160 1835345EE 06DB43F37 33854A725065E6614C 151E2D7B1 69 0EAADDB27 004EC6DDD 30AA39B8B 2AEB34AD4 2A13D664900EC67B83 1176417CE 0E3683151 70 0832BA87B 3B67515B9 0FD34BC87 1688F83CB370B52AD5 3A2CD6F3F 3343BF461 37BD48546 71 16EA2751C 1799D9C42 24055CEC9226A907D4 133C68F80 22CA03BF0 05F723395 2D35008AF 72 122A5C67D 3E46230BC09F475BA9 15B4B6754 11DE75C50 28C17544F 1D85FAB8D 0D5AD9537 73 1C5497CD93D405F487 05535D737 06952087B 1C4744AF4 3E0EF881C 3CED3D1BB 1D91157CE 741D276153D 14604EA77 1661FB979 3BAC5E9FB 089F41406 283154122 2AFDCE8921FD5E0810 75 2A620F4C2 0DE484180 2D05E6458 3E6D15A27 0A92FF0B7 2CBF7BF5325A2F28FA 19A10CE02 76 3A77B1FBE 2B262F810 2BEEA0F46 39706BBA2 09257163F1026D5D74 2E2483EBF 1D6527C1E 77 0DC1EBA02 383C59C77 28C7ED115 06FED31D416F610DC3 000890B82 2FAD16A3A 35C9AD95F 78 3E5C1EBE2 3C65A7691 2394005B6251B1BB49 1F42BFA23 0E8608C07 24666F55C 11A5214DF 79 323E882C5 2DBFF5E133638BC43F 38CC5CBB5 1DBF783FB 0499418C7 2285E5A40 1A61D17E7 80 1E508F19D0CF345F97 0E5648601 0A0951DF3 1194EE717 0A6C0B374 03C4E19EC 06F725799 810B54F4AEF 186A12343 04C4A60C6 27C2CC0E9 3973075A1 392C5EEB7 3933C99B1005F98CB2 82 021B6635A 3764D0696 20942B266 0155C4EDD 3FDBF7497 37356D442374F3DB06 2718357FE 83 120DF6F80 0E41F376A 03544C7B2 2D6795EFD 29E8811F11B3EFD388 01CA4C48D 2067E8033 84 07703D649 35221AB50 22141A0D7 268061A592D9192B05 383471IFF 3A07258C0 36253B5AA 85 1C4A564C1 26804247A 16A4DB29D0BEF93C88 37A3EAB6C 25547B136 3FC935878 250E3BF1C 86 17049BB43 0D64267612BF3A471E 1665820E9 14412A13D 30D5744B0 2ECE5CAE6 01395189C 87 29615B8900A2C5A664 216DA64F4 3D4AA9D2C 07B98342C 2603F0D76 0574BDFA8 3F9B35D5D 883A0414B22 0A8BE885E 155C220E4 2D3B17AA6 3017E1B48 26508C6C8 3FF25EC63240EFF072 89 2ACD81CE3 0468D7943 2A4108121 1F2E8E67F 3AB446179 33325CA243006DD3A5 1A33F3A2C 90 2B038BAF7 070660C4E 30953C7B7 3E7375D04 1D6A39944001BE5C8D 199A89253 0A82087BB 91 03BF7C836 2CBF9FC48 38EAB1C98 11C3039933D748807F 1EBD41D17 351085EF2 1C55B94D3 92 116E0BE61 17BC8C403 31BD1EAA21CF87C049 2A41CC04D 3883EFEC1 3971BBBE2 190CAE3B7 93 172799BB5 3301DB1932480B569B 34DBEFE9C 003287827 38DAEA1CB 0B0E25BB4 1972B37E3 94 3EF1F9EF4189D8C3E0 1941998D3 259838BC9 28E545988 33BFC60D8 3572B10F3 197913B6B 9524CF96D66 285347801 22BC70E5E 394231BCC 077583F4E 0364420AF 278FBF5CB3850AFC8B 96 1B38C4A50 04439E0B5 3A7BEB18B 3003A36CD 329D5A2B6 1BB123AFA049C2CC94 0F604D1DC 97 28D47EF33 24CF66B6B 24B716FA9 34ED7F6BB 186AE44B41380D0726 1CC51324E 16BA74F62 98 04422E60A 3424BA16C 3FF1B39DD 1A1E658F733457317D 14E822151 3EC02F279 28593D11D 99 0F2DF0912 21BBFA838 32D634EBF2061148FD 09A565B74 2BCE430B7 34DAAD9FA 228ADAFE5 100 2D7EE054425D57B7CA 0FADAF20D 19B4F6444 3A75DF1C1 0AD3EDD56 0A4D61EEA 28C1262A5101 1B6AEE253 0BFE02772 24AB19547 186A377A5 03089B4E8 128955F603A8DA9AC8 2931648B3 102 21BE0200F 00F34B4F5 34FF3261B 1A0E27AED0A821AEFB 21B0BA404 1C6A644A4 1734EBB33 103 201FBFD73 0592E9D86053D87C9D 3CAFC7479 22F1BA3FA 3DB25DD15 31D468990 22FF2B539 10406C77404E 18AE64252 3963D899A 37179C03C 0FD2E3D04 191E64DBB 380B841FB368E1DEAA 105 3A561759B 156243DE8 04325D217 33993D0B0 0CEAC2109002242D1B 33C1D9F5E 1EC4195D3 106 17D7A9B74 1F44ABA75 17B572FE3096008B9B 1F1E00AAE 05489F7A1 17A4C131D 1C018E923 107 0A4ACCEC81F294A30D 19CAEE64E 002787A1B 03EB3238D 27C10F626 1C9E656A0 3F73609F0108 1E0E3C802 1B52D12AA 2F4E003B7 23BA7A6F1 3CAA0998A 32E96C916168EFA1EE 28147EE33 109 1CEC9799E 215D9302B 176BB6639 003D5E37112FE4ADB3 3106B64E2 001D9C28E 0F39059DC 110 31570792D 2260D7FEF1AC830374 118FE7C78 08F982159 23BB2B13A 2C7944305 376396F3C 1112D340540B 272E94D06 097C70995 0E70DDADA 1DBD644E5 341A72A58 01CBF53342C7999AF9 112 3FF17764D 0701DFAD3 146BDBB97 229D2D7F0 03C5DA21D3A5916EC7 2390AC01D 197D64233 113 3E9759D5A 00B237425 0B7E646B9190CB4D16 2646AA1D4 1A373103D 337E5EFB1 0199DE4A1 114 3FD5ADE8A26B843860 0A2D0AA7B 3C351E07F 1B25376AE 05C553CDD 1DBC3F38D 019823A2A115 30FF187B4 112F9D7A1 1AE977517 3760AF555 004F86368 3700975C20518029DE 032427D9B 116 3A86D49BB 057E649D8 2FDE33D7E 31254217C30E05CE12 10BCC1CD7 1889C5139 38A163ECF 117 2610F5174 02A7ACB27208B84FF0 14609CA80 0F3526318 38EBC7384 287C57BAA 279661A9C 118014F6D77B 1036B3D2C 294F1999A 33A059187 26CCE0507 180DF3129 00A6CAE222AC0F23A2 119 347C62997 1912A710D 2260C531F 2F54BBEBB 0A2D903051BBEE20E4 0AF79997E 2376F3D0F 120 04484EB82 181977944 1C1CC2693227ECAB0F 23F32982B 19E2F290C 1BA2300F8 0EFB06247 121 0EC048AD83B2168495 34FC02DA1 2C0CDEF52 0553CA222 25DFA4581 29CF66B6B 0AB9C21CD122 2AF502148 3B00632F9 387CDC4BF 3F8B9F716 19084CD65 0354918C739D1FD9AA 0F5ABDB77 123 2C6E2557A 3E8A19D6B 3E6756A28 237E6E5BF24CA57004 1D52401AD 0237F1D80 0FB2B335D 124 228F4B540 07532BF5D101F67F52 29D8598EE 0421A0E23 2D89C2AFF 0963D2F3B 24C472A63 1250CF3598E8 196A40BD2 00E63B26D 088A0BFCA 1C78E9016 03835236C 33071A8363949DC586 126 3E815D747 1588D4E96 073C8D44A 303281AE4 095D31EC81F10F69DC 200F057D8 1F270128F 127 34F9ACB6B 384870FF1 257A863DE34B36BA0F 3FA3D216B 27425041B 0E0DD0BAD 2E95AD35D

Table 3 indicates the preamble carrier set of a segment where n=2.

TABLE 3 q A B C D E F G H 0 13F99E8EC 3CF776C2A 3300A482C 0B2BF479117BECDFE8 35998C6D4 05F8CB75C 259B90F0B 1 116913829 05188F2A4 2DB0A8D002F770FE4A 185BE5E33 0F039A076 212F3F82C 116635F29 2 004EE1EC6 18EF4FDD926C80900E 1A63FB8A7 1DAA917D4 0E6716114 02690646D 0CC94AD36 3 06D4FF3772716E8A54 16A1720C8 08750246F 393045CCB 1DBCCDE43 114A0CAD6 181690377 43DC4EF347 1F53452FC 01584B5D3 11D96034F 1FA62568E 11974FACA 191BE154D397C9D440 5 05A1B6650 29835ADAD 2F6DDABE4 0976A607B 11BA92926 2456B19433E3FD608B 095E7584B 6 00CC66282 0560BE767 21EBAA7C6 2D8E9ACE3 198A9E28505F3E73DD 13DA751A2 176B75E43 7 03D08ADC1 2254606FC 3C695D892 1DA9E02802CD4FF589 19B78A5A4 0CE67A7C6 12535A61C 8 0984647CF 0822BA46B 3EB2BC076212596F54 11CC2E64E 120BADF9F 0DA72CEDE 30D0E106F 9 083CE5726 1F05DA925169D93EF6 1FCADF3D3 08A5CF0BC 317C8508F 19BDCCFE7 0FACE3631 10 27583A4661CB1634D5 03C7849F7 38C6CED00 1161C173A 15A645D3E 281A7ED92 076ADA797 1133BA1AE8F 187F578EE 32473D69A 2458B703B 267E59071 0F317883B 3E7DEDBF13B9859BA7 12 0322609A3 20C4C957C 3FD638746 3FB716D79 36BD0CF1C 333B11B8F0027ED1F2 3E7471BF3 13 3529922B1 0ECECBE04 1980B9B9E 38D60363F 18904BCED108E3E5F1 34B95C446 338F51DAC 14 21FD50527 0EA2F7A31 1E294A159 114734A02120B90BF3 3F3617C92 0129071E2 106640936 15 2B59354BB 275BF9761 39C6FF3322004B3902 053F9DCB0 19D79A902 2B3125038 20649B43E 16 03A8A7A2B 091AE672118651FD9E 1F5415ECD 1B38EA62E 07FB0F422 3EB58896B 077FE4C7C 17 06A13CB38340099B18 2AE6D6385 1669631F9 28E51A676 19A023391 261855F39 3E518F0BC 182A88F831B 09D295831 294C468DF 1477F0A13 37725C6EB 00E7DB222 27D610157349A8FAB6 19 163E1C44D 3F98B6F4A 1805538DD 01EE3DB4A 22AA1797E 27568753E16090F219 2C9838C01 20 34B0543DC 121B8EA82 00873B4A0 220FE7C05 2EDBEAE341104BDB93 0711E8C0E 0E1C107BD 21 226183AFF 15643DE71 04A4CDECB 2E67FDF8A26D2A6D40 25E7695F1 1A99778F5 20FE0C1A3 22 0F7EAC09D 12BB72B2A 182E443012962EB85A 3477C1B69 3E3CF56F7 29C9D00C6 39788600C 23 31084BEB5 1DC90E345391736CC1 3C8292AE1 38A0D515C 3977012F6 25D1F6055 36A7D3F8B 24 229D3ABAC1044BA05F 0C391B88A 0636A90A6 0B14322AB 21ADC33E4 2DC1A3BFE 0D7FF6D1F 2533C85B393 37BFA31B6 134F872F0 0C5EA36E1 286956ED1 1632092FA 382B4BB1023DC3EF14 26 38E8B9BF6 0A0CE666B 207D98054 23FF360AD 121BFDA4E 347D442FD242922C07 23C6E4115 27 263EA8516 36138BD6A 0ED9C55E7 3F0937876 03232BC2418E5FFF26 3530CF206 3981B7414 28 1D9AC2E79 051B220E9 3F3B09EC8 0D3F6C3660201A7CB9 3D5477092 22185FF9F 1C5AA5348 29 208D85694 22104E7C5 14BCFD3DD3592DF665 1F4EC3265 24358076A 2D20A8000 017F2D489 30 36B3A9A2C 3F8E0F16213ACDCCF2 16951F727 271E73555 1B3EDCDE7 162B45352 1CAFA635A 31 2D30FE7053EC9BFC8D 1B10F8349 34F973F31 1CA96A349 1A28B4543 1C5367CE6 2DFAB0AE7 3221D93EB5A 0E49D6211 3C6FCF774 09F44CACF 2D8CD2BEA 037DDAD3D 3BBD06D1D39CBB996F 33 159B1F948 0183E8DCD 3A484866C 21F8DF1A5 219A58193 2D1B3C3992275F19BA 0EFF4C612 34 22EB93A82 15047E272 15428D77B 38FFC612E 20609BE543226C8254 3E5568DB2 159284EED 35 34529707C 2E84585F4 20DFFB4C5 28288AA0010EFC1E07 3C4D211FC 379087C3F 25716A7DD 36 20106354F 22AEB9FD7 3A6BAC67D3126294C6 0FBC874AC 2DFE5675A 391B1DDAA 06BAA74D8 37 348F831C5 2E44BF3C23D9F6F454 20746A30E 08D183029 35C6BFEA7 2729B552B 263BB2EBD 38 202D7F08F0DBE1C144 132F4EC09 184CD9B93 2596F5884 2A55B8217 2BEAE02D8 235A19A43 392DDE3FF5F 23932555C 001ED92D7 22FCD3D60 2C0737593 0B27E62FF 0693CFBDC284D5B33F 40 1DB9AB8E9 2995EE0A1 1ACFE9892 0D41BCB9D 2E3806507 25CCD5D603536DF04C 0BB0A5E3B 41 3FFD4DD82 3E69CC1C1 2BC30FB74 3462F70FC 164FAE76209B83F8AD 1DF593F3C 2DB478034 42 16E24E9B6 0A9FCFBD2 3A018544C 1ED8E28550037681E4 05950E1F8 1107DA097 377A25C65 43 03C9318B8 0C70A7749 0D58708C20CA2808C4 219E02554 39315B2F2 2E089B00F 302E135C7 44 04DC211E8 1DD20A50521A50649F 2CA438C04 39CAD66AE 2E1BD969F 002748760 069924211 45 2E84BCF09226F5D43C 37BE7EB10 07CDC854A 06FB50D48 08966435B 01BA5E5D2 1D34057FA 462D8DFD565 0A30D633F 33F93B7C6 0B330E9D2 0E659B262 130669024 19A9D5F6438059132D 47 17E4777AE 1308F9046 2F7C0483E 1859E0943 0982C9101 05453D92C001F53877 388A571AB 48 00D29CC63 0A6D3BDED 1CA44D2AF 388C002CA 2A3D70EF72DD3F5A6F 39FEAF0B6 11DFE385F 49 3E3A6CEC4 122F5E8BE 360B96301 0632CF2442E8985A9F 0FD256C87 0449C29D4 26B713C90 50 238150687 3D96F7F7B 0091E6D1821802352A 02F7A466E 0A5BB6648 350DA85DB 1C97F4544 51 306BA76DE 379A886973F0DA31E1 0EBF48C71 27F8A46EB 3F75A19F6 277002F97 275B43715 52 24D946CC138DF102DC 3EFE1F5B3 3C316E148 2735B20CF 0688E430F 0316DC923 24919BEA1 530EEAF72D2 3C7248573 1087A7BD6 08EDA9BF6 2B5D97BF4 26733DC60 1190D275B2EC7ABD30 54 37C6AB63E 2FFC9C790 02CAA37A7 1B34A3F84 0022CD5F6 3ECF891BF193D545E2 0172C674E 55 0848A41C3 1D8150EE7 3D8A8549A 2595F707B 00640B2762D44EBDAE 1CAF37453 377EF590A 56 16B7A5F7D 1F5AA7998 382300A8B 218916E5319D00E728 1EDA11790 0BBDEF9C4 1DEB15796 57 3EFB3368D 392AA88AD 29CF3CACD03F59ED8A 1042098CA 1721B8F3A 2B5DE9312 0CB5E6F23 58 1A8B0FB9E 3FBC09C8B3D7F3E248 034C9BCB5 1BDD89300 3392476C0 0C10AED4B 23BECA42A 59 0EBC749B633453C7F6 304735F5C 334628143 1DAF6E7A9 11BB9C393 226C5E4FF 170372039 603F9262CBC 0693308C8 21B563415 09BDCC403 0112C79D4 2DA9F1134 36AA1CD7D3A1608BFC 61 218AC590E 0FACC734D 02132C9A3 27087557E 076B3ECE7 2EA16BA3D0E1D452F1 3F70B027A 62 004F9DC68 25BE3AD9C 2CBD3C07B 3F9DECD71 3E771E15A11FF2F24D 2AEA5DF67 1E838955D 63 3A04BC376 1D19254F1 00F92DD2B 3C57484F3181D0973E 319F9CEEA 053ADEEDB 1A3C22150 64 0F78BA6BC 2DFE0E681 3035BD77D0A0FFD148 275F50C66 2246E9053 27B2BF3E9 1741894F8 65 1ACCD0F79 22F0AEA4F32796ADB5 134A4A876 183D989E3 204C4BF97 22300E86F 3F18744A3 66 3EB6E19EF1B24EAB88 2E318F810 3F07B618E 26B4C0C87 31CC10EA8 169E1B650 017DF88ED 672BD9E8FED 0AB104122 30C9D81A0 09EA73C7F 141357B1D 000A7DB48 1DD06FD410AFA8EF72 68 19CA5678F 28A89AA43 1DB945917 262AF69C3 3145A4473 3742CBFF51BCD965E9 1B0E7FC84 69 077838B25 2BF7032F8 23DC2E014 028544277 37B411B5F392FF6CDC 1D66F2BE9 011372DA0 70 39596216C 05A651F63 183A6AE26 0D1FCA2030FF6F0D22 2FEB8364B 05A438ED8 32D045F13 71 3711AD513 290B237FF 20E2A9B260C72A0234 2F1ABBE93 19B505378 354ED915D 0C359F272 72 1D7786BA4 1CCDF053A36828B333 0ED27AFB6 241326FC4 1A9C37F8B 0A9C3C372 05937E898 73 1053B9CDB040B97B1D 0D4FF481D 23AD465A8 2906EBDE2 0C4F6C09D 2189C5FEA 2D90D305A 7439073122B 35FEAA236 1B38B7A90 2E02AB9F7 219FEEA0A 36B3B2EF8 39A3F4C8B15A42C9DD 75 2C6326A9E 33F7536C1 2A120C75F 37030CAA0 3A011882C 098C8504E3B92D756B 175811CF9 76 38A0F736B 2BD9E9C32 3B989715A 2A646ADF4 2D02FE38C11AC7E9E6 3F5464862 0F382B0D8 77 26897D80C 145B21D3E 143F5E320 30549707E28126710C 122CA92BE 3AF47270C 0B544128F 78 00E931208 2E1E75EAA 374C36E5F21724DFC5 1DFCD2028 1B3FF774E 3A826A68B 1781CDCA4 79 0C3D7268D 0B7A26BF91587CE5CD 1D04E1E60 36240C07D 1AC403449 0417F9622 02B9F8BED 80 1B569F48808A3F3A46 377F03A18 2DE416045 1ED96E381 33F4F16DC 2C8DAAE4F 33E384AC7 8113F709786 02A4E32CB 14C7F849E 09EA16987 06C849EA4 219E4B995 243CB7F07253513BC6 82 09B83FDF2 119D60439 278290BFF 2483E6F2C 0EDEC175D 242A669C13EB639EF0 31EBB4CA0 83 22CAEF0E4 0B2FCDED0 19BA79607 343F81C7B 289AA213E358AC9FFA 23956ADA1 00BC725E7 84 1186F95E3 2F95F4048 3CFBF41E2 1D1E4BE9626B38BA65 2F715E590 2235C0029 2C89AF93F 85 33437ED6C 12F14DB69 2E70F5611183752704 142BC8B34 3B90ECD86 1C11EB493 1022D4782 86 248457F60 05B9A28A50A2A5DD56 16002D9E7 34C87FB16 2E32BAE0C 21065BD64 1CCE92BB0 87 1DCE3941A1D940ACE3 30D331B98 3D5A3BAB6 119791607 10FB0D788 2C78E9015 100B598E4 8839C0BC811 1B886594E 27AF50C73 2DCEA05E6 0805EDCA9 3A5989B08 18AD242551683B7CF2 89 186A3D233 09E8B95DA 1ED9F3DBE 1B19A74F8 356CA7443 316C9FBE93F8A3162A 3A0BC11CC 90 02F039B63 2F02D3E75 0F5B5E89E 3D062255C 222C6AA4E25DEA06FB 39488C071 139318BFB 91 27B5B6EE8 22154E0BD 3FF7729F1 1052B19473D477BF2B 3EDB6745A 1B30CF849 030F84AF4 92 27B2D40BC 01EE5E9B6 24B0ACF843370F65E0 067D8DFA9 1C01B9327 26FF8FDB5 3809C0CA6 93 11F581193 07B9B7A7D1CA56B4A3 3D088CC6C 11D52C38A 344760F0A 3D3AA336D 0118CBD93 94 0969907842960D1672 3BFD7D847 2BC297EEE 32168CF28 3912FFF6C 08ED9BAB1 34452C6E5 9502CD48DC2 186403849 24C6EE1EA 12ED5268A 2718C00E9 27E8F18CF 145913E2D0B09009BB 96 06B97DD08 2880C9B96 37EB87E03 14C4ED01D 17041E5DC 347A412CB088CE591B 0BE926B22 97 116250DF7 1745B4329 1102B7093 1CA549C5A 25244AB6C374E0F19B 274F76015 0FB738F16 98 12841B9E9 1F9C4AEEB 1445F0C98 39FFB630702AB688E7 0FD8B499E 28D533072 138F162EA 99 22BD9525E 2030E58C6 25F2CD033157D93437 1442E92D2 3D6EE9DF3 3CA5B469D 0588A0FAE 100 0FDEC177D2606157BE 2224E556C 0C6F33897 0F830DE1B 3C3F9C1D8 2AF576923 0D4173E27101 376EF82C2 30E3C582E 0A82DE29A 1B8D454D9 079ACE6D9 2579984C6392F28400 24CEAEDF1 102 1CD4AA9D2 1DD6F4DA5 3485B7150 105DE02F922168E0FA 24F48AA6C 003771A39 306890843 103 1F8303786 2C981AAE40819F22E9 0A1D88D55 3B4C012FD 0214CDF52 19DF3BE8F 02364E19A 1041364A15C0 16E9F9961 17E598810 2654E5A2C 09B43C7C8 3A5E2AF45 14FC71E262B4BA69F4 105 12E128BEF 19166342E 04A1404B7 283D17B66 014836F6413BE0B4B5 2F8583C08 2B19A7FB4 106 19F83FDE2 361D25170 36354011B3FF4EC74B 1B2128FF9 0C849EB1B 096B991D8 1CA7A74AA 107 32E0BEF3511A61714D 34C56D40B 0742C52FE 00ED2F1C4 3997FC7B7 06E414374 180DCD64F108 18399ED59 224E6C2FF 3450F1BB7 27A1CA959 21B5E00F8 13B67DAE80B14C022E 0E41BBEE2 109 318D94D05 2EBB53B17 331C3E6F4 0FBCD71ED380FF18B8 3E3C75B26 0E0088A18 17553D2A2 110 37AC7E5D5 27C9EADFA3FC47B5E4 38699BB57 1564F8B27 3579C7FEB 13401BD88 0DB519DE0 1110FF4D6F22 3C84242F3 2DEAE40AD 305F320A5 244CB97B0 0892DA905 3F09D5CB5332E7DB02 112 31479E580 1B6AD13E0 16A1CF9E2 33A0A119A 1AC8388E93D4105F37 226501835 27AF1310F 113 1CBDAFE39 3E5A30C1C 236E9A029063430D97 0CD91A825 02F335D7E 1989FE0BE 13C4E2A20 114 10B39337033CB79316 2CEB44FC0 236019420 248F95ACB 35034B6F0 365691771 34A8FBCB6115 25463FC5F 082FC0ED2 038ACE1CC 3E959B49D 21B8C04F5 08633F3A03A5D18159 12B3EC4C7 116 167B32C3E 06FF88387 34C3F468B 3239005B2121C913AF 21C90CE16 28B54D557 3811CB0A9 117 221BD0503 0AF61949921F8D40C1 1B3DA7AEE 3FA2E3B05 348466C50 10F12A28D 0E70B26AB 1181D79A57C5 315D2460F 1402B8222 28DC66FEA 1BCF748F9 2AD5D4227 0094D2CAD25EA22A58 119 062B39CFB 310E8818D 0F2D0A235 3F6468866 33F86F34239CAB5BBC 2E7D6A8BF 3E9218162 120 2FCDEA0E0 1BDD766A4 2827B99BB0B5F04CC9 1C9E02A9A 1A6675ED4 033497A06 07D4ADD44 121 3CD46CD9D311A64A85 24DDFE6FF 3411C6FE5 0D0613CDA 0E9276056 178ACC4F8 23DEA3CB0122 2762D6A40 306FE3843 1402589C8 382B07654 160BA3DEA 3815B54C8273960105 2076A15E5 123 1C593A744 1562487F6 0C38617B4 2CA68266A071C4BF93 2593F0BDC 1562436E5 199BEEA49 124 35B8C7503 278F57EAA34A804061 19C657A74 385734710 3FAC27628 0707BED4E 32F20F45E 12534994C46C 1C6B99499 1AF24D850 11AD795D3 19288BFE9 1360C1B96 3B5D8DBC02554E72D6 126 22D7095A4 34B70502A 3F0CB27D2 04FC214E6 24C0B80C503D6F4DC8 1432A099E 26300D70E 127 21C33416F 18B894695 3AC0626143537CF601 00A20A8B8 1CD10BAF5 394DF1DC0 0925851ED

The processor 220 acquires n, q values by detecting a preamble throughauto-correlation or cross-correlation and detects a cell ID on the basisof the n, q values. The processor 220 can determine the cell ID and apilot pattern in accordance with the Equations 3 and 4.

When the number of a downlink transmission stream is 1, each cell oreach sector can efficiently transmit pilots without a collision betweenthe pilots and without changing a frequency reuse factor.

The present invention can be implemented using hardware, software, or acombination of them. In the hardware implementations, the presentinvention can be implemented using an Application Specific IntegratedCircuit (ASIC), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a Programmable LogicDevice (PLD), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a processor, acontroller, a microprocessor, other electronic unit, or a combination ofthem, which is designed to perform the above-described functions. In thesoftware implementations, the present invention can be implemented usinga module performing the above functions. The software can be stored in amemory unit and executed by a processor. The memory unit or theprocessor can use various means which are well known to those skilled inthe art.

In view of the exemplary systems described herein, methodologies thatmay be implemented in accordance with the disclosed subject matter havebeen described with reference to several flow diagrams. While forpurposed of simplicity, the methodologies are shown and described as aseries of steps or blocks, it is to be understood and appreciated thatthe claimed subject matter is not limited by the order of the steps orblocks, as some steps may occur in different orders or concurrently withother steps from what is depicted and described herein. Moreover, oneskilled in the art would understand that the steps illustrated in theflow diagram are not exclusive and other steps may be included or one ormore of the steps in the example flow diagram may be deleted withoutaffecting the scope and spirit of the present disclosure.

What has been described above includes examples of the various aspects.It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combinationof components or methodologies for purposes of describing the variousaspects, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that manyfurther combinations and permutations are possible. Accordingly, thesubject specification is intended to embrace all such alternations,modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and scope ofthe appended claims.

1. An apparatus for transmitting a pilot in a wireless communicationsystem, the apparatus comprising: a pilot generating unit configured togenerate the pilot; a transmission circuitry configured to transmit thepilot and a radio signal; and a processor coupled to the pilotgenerating unit and configured to: generate interlaced pilot patterns;select one of a plurality of pilot pattern sets, an index of theselected pilot pattern set being determined according to the followingequation:p _(k)=floor(k,c/i), where p_(k) is the index of the selected pilotpattern set, k is a cell identifier (ID), c is a total number of cellIDs, i is a number of the plurality of pilot pattern sets, andfloor(k,c/i) is a maximum integer smaller than a quotient obtained bydividing k by c/i; select one of a plurality of stream sets within theselected pilot pattern set, an index of the selected stream beingdetermined according to the following equation:s _(n)=mod(n,j), where s_(n) is the index of the selected stream set, nis the cell ID, j is a number of the plurality of stream sets, andmod(n,j) is a remainder obtained by dividing n by j; and map thegenerated pilot to a resource element based on a selected pilot patternamong the interlaced pilot patterns, the selected pilot patterncorresponding to the selected pilot pattern set and the selected streamset.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a number of the interlacedpilot patterns is
 6. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the totalnumber of cell IDs c is 768 and the number of the plurality of pilotpattern sets i is
 3. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the number ofthe plurality of stream sets j is
 2. 5. The apparatus of claim 1,wherein pilot patterns corresponding to the plurality of stream setswithin the selected pilot pattern set are cyclically shifted to afrequency domain.
 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein pilot patternshaving an identical stream set index and a different pilot pattern setindices are cyclically shifted to a time domain.
 7. An apparatus forreceiving a pilot in a wireless communication system, the apparatuscomprising: a receive circuitry configured to receive the pilot and aradio signal; a channel estimation unit configured to estimate a channelusing the pilot; and a processor configured to process the radio signalusing the estimated channel, wherein the pilot is mapped to a resourceelement based on a selected pilot pattern determined by a transmitterand transmitted, the selected pilot pattern corresponding to a selectedpilot pattern set among a plurality of pilot pattern sets and a selectedstream set among a plurality of stream sets, and wherein an index of theselected pilot pattern set is determined according to the followingequation:p _(k)=floor(k,c/i), where p_(k) is the index of the selected pilotpattern set, k is a cell identifier (ID), c is a total number of cellIDs, i is a number of the plurality of pilot pattern sets, andfloor(k,c/i) is a maximum integer smaller than a quotient obtained bydividing k by c/i, and an index of the selected stream is determinedaccording to the following equation:s _(n)=mod(n,j), where s_(n) is the index of the selected stream set, nis the cell ID, j is a number of the plurality of stream sets, andmod(n,j) is a remainder obtained by dividing n by j.
 8. The apparatus ofclaim 7, wherein the total number of cell IDs c is 768 and the number ofthe plurality of pilot pattern sets i is
 3. 9. The apparatus of claim 7,wherein the number of the plurality of stream sets j is
 2. 10. A methodof transmitting a pilot in a wireless communication system, the methodcomprising: generating the pilot; generating interlaced pilot patterns;selecting one of a plurality of pilot pattern sets, an index of theselected pilot pattern set being determined according to the followingequation:p _(k)=floor(k,c/i), where p_(k) is the index of the selected pilotpattern set, k is a cell identifier (ID), c is a total number of cellIDs, i is a number of the plurality of pilot pattern sets, andfloor(k,c/i) is a maximum integer smaller than a quotient obtained bydividing k by c/i; selecting one of a plurality of stream sets withinthe selected pilot pattern set, an index of the selected stream beingdetermined according to the following equation:s _(n)=mod(n,j), where s_(n) is the index of the selected stream set, nis the cell ID, j is a number of the plurality of stream sets, andmod(n,j) is a remainder obtained by dividing n by j; mapping thegenerated pilot to a resource element based on a selected pilot patternamong the interlaced pilot patterns, the selected pilot patterncorresponding to the selected pilot pattern set and the selected streamset; and transmitting the mapped pilot.
 11. The method of claim 10,wherein the total number of cell IDs c is 768 and the number of theplurality of pilot pattern sets i is
 3. 12. The method of claim 10,wherein the number of the plurality of stream sets j is
 2. 13. Themethod of claim 10, wherein a number of the interlaced pilot patterns is6.
 14. The method of claim 10, wherein pilot patterns corresponding tothe plurality of stream sets within the selected pilot pattern set arecyclically shifted to a frequency domain.
 15. The method of claim 10,wherein pilot patterns having an identical stream set index anddifferent pilot pattern set indices are cyclically shifted to a timedomain.